priors.science/reviews/immune-checkpoint-inhibition-solid-tumours

Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Solid Tumours

The current evidence on 28 claims, ordered from most established to most contested. Each score is the panel’s evidence certainty — how firmly the literature supports the claim as stated.

28claims tracked
131primary papers reviewed
2 Jun 2026latest evidence review
Weeklyre-scored against new papers
15 Established · 12 Likely · 1 Uncertain · 0 Doubtful  |  four-reviewer panel · PICO Framework
SignalClaimStandingEvidence certaintyCorpus
StableImmune checkpoint inhibitor plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor versus tyrosine kinase inhibitor alone in renal cell carcinomaRCCEstablished93%5
StableEnfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in advanced urothelial carcinomaUrothelialEstablished93%3
StablePembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in non-squamous non-small cell lung cancerNsclcEstablished92%12
StableAtezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinomaHCCEstablished91%4
StableAnti-PD-1 monotherapy versus chemotherapy in melanomaMelanomaEstablished91%5
StablePembrolizumab first-line in microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer versus chemotherapyMsiEstablished91%3
StablePembrolizumab monotherapy in PD-L1≥50% non-small cell lung cancerNsclcEstablished91%15
StableNivolumab plus ipilimumab five-year overall survival in melanoma ~52%MelanomaEstablished90%5
StableAvelumab maintenance overall survival in urothelial carcinomaUrothelialEstablished90%3
StableAdjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in resected melanomaMelanomaEstablished89%5
StableNivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in intermediate/poor-risk renal cell carcinomaRCCEstablished88%4
StablePembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in platinum-refractory urothelial carcinomaUrothelialEstablished88%3
StableNivolumab plus chemotherapy in gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction cancer, combined positive score ≥5GastroEstablished87%4
StableImmune checkpoint inhibitor durable response in mismatch repair-deficient pan-tumour settingMsiEstablished87%3
StablePembrolizumab monotherapy versus EXTREME regimen in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, combined positive score ≥1HnsccEstablished85%4
StablePembrolizumab plus chemotherapy benefit in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, combined positive score ≥20HnsccLikely84%3
StableAdjuvant nivolumab in oesophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapyGastroLikely83%3
StableTremelimumab plus durvalumab versus sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinomaHCCLikely82%3
StablePD-L1 imperfect cross-tumour biomarkerBiomarkersLikely80%4
StablePerioperative pembrolizumab in resectable non-small cell lung cancerNsclcLikely80%8
StableNivolumab plus ipilimumab versus chemotherapy in PD-L1≥1% non-small cell lung cancerNsclcLikely78%8
StablePD-L1 unreliable biomarker in renal cell carcinomaRCCLikely78%4
StableTumour mutational burden-high predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor benefit independent of microsatellite instabilityMsiLikely72%4
StableTumour mutational burden improves prediction in PD-L1-low tumoursBiomarkersLikely70%3
StableCorticosteroids first-line for immune-related adverse eventsIraesLikely70%3
StableImmune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after severe immune-related adverse event is feasibleIraesLikely70%4
StableTocilizumab for steroid-refractory immune-related adverse eventsIraesUncertain62%3
Standing — what the evidence certainty means
Established≥ 85%Strong, consistent evidence. Unlikely to change.
Likely65–84%Well supported, with some gaps or indirect evidence.
Uncertain40–64%Mixed or limited evidence. Genuinely open.
Doubtful15–39%Little support; the weight of evidence leans against it.
Refuted< 15%The evidence contradicts it — confidently false as stated.
Recent signal
strengthenedNew evidence raised the certainty since the last review.
weakenedNew evidence lowered the certainty since the last review.
newA claim added to the review recently.
StableNo recent change to the standing.
Standing, evidence certainty and corpus are always shown. The study behind each move, why it moved, and the sceptic’s challenge are delivered to subscribers.
Update your priors.Track this topic