Release 2026-q4

What this release contains.

A summary of every topic, then each claim by ID with its short title, standing and certainty. The claim page carries the full claim, its evidence and its version history.

Topic	Claims	Established	Likely	Uncertain	Doubtful	Refuted
ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers	18	7	6	4		1
Added Sugar and Metabolic Health	10	1	4	4	1
Adhd Pharmacotherapy	5	1	2	1	1
Alcohol and Health	12	6	2	1	3
Alzheimers Disease Treatment	12	5	4	2	1
Anti Amyloid Antibodies	10	4	2	2	2
Anti CGRP Antibodies	15	4	7	3		1
Artificial Sweeteners	10			6	3	1
Caffeine and Performance	12	3	3	4	2
Chronic Pain Pharmacotherapy	14	2	3	5	4
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Treatment	16	5	6	3	2
COPD Pharmacotherapy	14	2	9		2	1
Creatine	11	1	4	2	3	1
Dietary Fibre	10	1	6	3
Dietary Protein and Muscle	6		1	5
Dry Eye Disease Treatment	17	5	8	4
Electrolytes and Hydration	8		3	3	2
Epilepsy Management	6	3	2		1
Giant Cell Arteritis	7	3	4
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists	35	6	6	18	4	1
Heart Failure Management	20	10	7	2	1
Intermittent Fasting and Time Restricted Eating	10	1	4	3	1	1
Iron Status	10	1	5	3	1
Ketogenic and Low Carb Diets	9	2	5	2
Magnesium	6			5	1
Motor Neurone Disease Treatment	6	2	2	1	1
Novel Antibiotics	15	2	2	9	2
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	12	2	2	5	2	1
Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention	20	6	8	4	2
P2Y12 Antiplatelets	15	3	8	2	2
Parkinsons Disease Management	6	3	2	1
Perioperative Immunotherapy Solid Tumours	17	8	5	3	1
Polyphenols and Antioxidants	15	4	5	5	1
Probiotics and Gut Microbiome	7		3	2	2
Psoriasis Psoriatic Arthritis	27	11	9	3		4
Rheumatoid Arthritis Targeted Therapy	6		4	1	1
SGLT2 Inhibitors	14	6	5	3
Sleep and Metabolic Health	9	2	5	1	1
Ssris and Snris	13		6	5	2
Statins	15	3	9	2	1
Targeted Therapy Breast Cancer	8	8
Targeted Therapy Prostate Cancer	17	10	6			1
TNF Alpha Inhibitors	14	7	4	3
Ultra Processed Foods	9		7	1	1
Vitamin B12	9	3	1	2	2	1
Vitamin D	14			3	8	3

ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ACEARB-SAFE-03	ACE inhibitor angioedema higher in Black patients	Established	93%
ACEARB-RENAL-01	ACE inhibitors and ARBs slow proteinuric chronic kidney disease	Established	90%
ACEARB-DUAL-01	Dual blockade increases hyperkalemia	Established	88%
ACEARB-RENAL-02	ACE inhibitors and ARBs reduce diabetic nephropathy	Established	87%
ACEARB-HFREF-01	ACE inhibitors and ARBs reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Established	86%
ACEARB-RENAL-03	No renal benefit from stopping ACE inhibitors and ARBs	Established	85%
ACEARB-SAFE-02	ARBs have lower adverse drug reaction risk than ACE inhibitors	Established	85%
ACEARB-SAFE-01	ACE inhibitor-induced cough is frequent	Likely	84%
ACEARB-COMP-02	ACE inhibitors and ARBs: similar cardiovascular protection	Likely	83%
ACEARB-DUAL-02	Combined ACE inhibitor and ARB: no cardiovascular benefit	Likely	80%
ACEARB-RENAL-04	Hyperkalemia limits ACE inhibitor and ARB use in chronic kidney disease	Likely	76%
ACEARB-CV-01	ACE inhibitors and ARBs reduce major adverse cardiovascular events in high cardiovascular risk	Likely	74%
ACEARB-HFREF-04	ACE inhibitor and ARB withdrawal worsens heart failure outcomes	Likely	73%
ACEARB-HFREF-02	ACE inhibitors and ARBs improve ejection fraction in dilated cardiomyopathy	Uncertain	68%
ACEARB-CV-02	ACE inhibitors: worse cardiovascular outcomes in Black patients	Uncertain	64%
ACEARB-HFREF-03	Women benefit from lower ACE inhibitor and ARB doses	Uncertain	60%
ACEARB-COMP-01	ARBs versus ACE inhibitors: lower all-cause mortality	Uncertain	52%
ACEARB-SAFE-04	ACE inhibitor angioedema onset is delayed	Refuted	15%

Added Sugar and Metabolic Health

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ASMH-MET-01	Fructose raises uric acid	Established	88%
ASMH-ADI-01	Sugar-sweetened beverages increase body weight	Likely	83%
ASMH-LIV-01	Fructose raises liver fat	Likely	80%
ASMH-LIV-02	Cutting sugar cuts liver fat	Likely	72%
ASMH-ADI-02	Cutting sugar lowers weight	Likely	70%
ASMH-CMB-01	Sugar raises triglycerides	Uncertain	66%
ASMH-CMB-02	Sugar raises cardiovascular disease risk	Uncertain	66%
ASMH-MET-02	Sugar worsens insulin resistance	Uncertain	58%
ASMH-T2D-01	Sugar-sweetened beverages raise diabetes risk	Uncertain	56%
ASMH-T2D-02	Sugar diabetes risk beyond weight	Doubtful	33%

Adhd Pharmacotherapy

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ADHD-NONSTIM-02	Viloxazine and guanfacine as approved non-stimulant alternatives for ADHD	Established	90%
ADHD-CV-01	Stimulants cause minor cardiovascular changes with rare serious events	Likely	81%
ADHD-LONG-01	Long-term stimulant use does not reliably prevent functional impairments in ADHD	Likely	74%
ADHD-NONSTIM-01	Atomoxetine effective non-stimulant option for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder	Uncertain	66%
ADHD-STIM-01	Stimulants most effective pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder	Doubtful	40%

Alcohol and Health

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ALC-BM-02	Prenatal alcohol harms development	Established	90%
ALC-CA-02	Alcohol raises breast cancer risk	Established	90%
ALC-CV-03	Alcohol raises atrial fibrillation risk	Established	90%
ALC-LM-01	Heavy alcohol causes cirrhosis	Established	90%
ALC-CV-02	Alcohol raises hypertension risk	Established	87%
ALC-CA-03	Alcohol raises colorectal cancer risk	Established	86%
ALC-LM-03	Alcohol raises all-cause mortality	Likely	76%
ALC-CA-01	Alcohol raises overall cancer risk	Likely	72%
ALC-BM-01	Alcohol raises dementia risk	Uncertain	57%
ALC-BM-03	Alcohol worsens depression	Doubtful	45%
ALC-LM-02	No safe level of alcohol	Doubtful	42%
ALC-CV-01	Moderate drinking cuts cardiovascular disease risk	Doubtful	37%

Alzheimers Disease Treatment

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
AD-AMY-03	Anti-amyloid antibodies cause amyloid-related imaging abnormalities	Established	97%
AD-SYM-01	Cholinesterase inhibitors give symptomatic benefit	Established	90%
AD-AMY-02	Donanemab slows decline in early Alzheimer's disease	Established	88%
AD-BIOM-01	Plasma phosphorylated tau 217 detects Alzheimer's pathology	Established	87%
AD-AMY-01	Lecanemab slows decline in early Alzheimer's disease	Established	85%
AD-PREV-02	Multidomain lifestyle slows decline	Likely	84%
AD-SYM-02	Memantine helps moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease	Likely	80%
AD-PREV-03	Exercise reduces cognitive decline	Likely	72%
AD-PREV-01	Midlife cardiovascular risk control cuts dementia	Likely	71%
AD-BIOM-02	Amyloid positron emission tomography reduction predicts benefit	Uncertain	60%
AD-SYM-03	Memantine plus cholinesterase inhibitor beats monotherapy	Uncertain	52%
AD-AMY-04	Aducanumab clinically beneficial	Doubtful	35%

Anti Amyloid Antibodies

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
AMAB-AMY-01	Lecanemab and donanemab clear amyloid	Established	90%
AMAB-SAF-01	Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities requiring MRI monitoring	Established	90%
AMAB-EFF-01	Lecanemab slows decline in early Alzheimer's disease	Established	87%
AMAB-SAF-02	APOE4 homozygotes face higher amyloid-related imaging abnormality risk	Established	85%
AMAB-EFF-02	Donanemab slows decline in early Alzheimer's disease	Likely	83%
AMAB-CME-02	Anti-amyloid drugs are disease-modifying	Likely	80%
AMAB-AMY-02	Amyloid clearance and clinical outcomes	Uncertain	66%
AMAB-EFF-03	Aducanumab clinical benefit unproven	Uncertain	50%
AMAB-SEL-02	Low tau burden predicts better response	Doubtful	40%
AMAB-CME-01	Anti-amyloid effects exceed minimal clinically important difference	Doubtful	35%

Anti CGRP Antibodies

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
CGRP-EMR-01	Monthly migraine days in episodic migraine	Established	93%
CGRP-CMR-01	Monthly headache days in chronic migraine	Established	90%
CGRP-SAF-03	Low discontinuation with CGRP antibodies	Established	87%
CGRP-CE-01	Erenumab tolerability versus topiramate	Established	85%
CGRP-MOH-02	Medication overuse headache remission with CGRP antibodies	Likely	83%
CGRP-MOH-01	Medication overuse headache treatment without detoxification	Likely	81%
CGRP-SAF-02	Erenumab and blood pressure increase	Likely	80%
CGRP-EMR-02	Responder rates in episodic migraine	Likely	73%
CGRP-EMR-04	Eptinezumab acute migraine pain freedom	Likely	73%
CGRP-SAF-01	Cardiovascular safety of CGRP antibodies	Likely	73%
CGRP-CH-01	Galcanezumab for episodic cluster headache	Likely	72%
CGRP-RW-01	Switching CGRP antibodies in non-responders	Uncertain	65%
CGRP-RW-02	Real-world CGRP antibody effectiveness	Uncertain	63%
CGRP-EMR-03	Comparable CGRP antibody efficacy	Uncertain	60%
CGRP-CH-02	Anti-CGRP antibodies for chronic cluster headache	Refuted	18%

Artificial Sweeteners

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ANSW-WGT-01	Non-nutritive sweetener substitution reduces body weight	Uncertain	64%
ANSW-GUT-01	Non-nutritive sweeteners alter gut microbiome	Uncertain	62%
ANSW-CVD-02	Erythritol linked to cardiovascular events	Uncertain	55%
ANSW-GLY-02	Sweeteners linked to type 2 diabetes	Uncertain	55%
ANSW-GUT-02	Microbiome shift impairs glucose tolerance	Uncertain	55%
ANSW-CVD-01	Sweeteners linked to cardiovascular disease	Uncertain	50%
ANSW-WGT-02	Sweetener intake linked to weight gain	Doubtful	38%
ANSW-APP-01	Non-nutritive sweeteners increase appetite or energy intake	Doubtful	35%
ANSW-APP-02	Sweetness-calorie uncoupling disrupts appetite	Doubtful	34%
ANSW-GLY-01	Non-nutritive sweeteners acutely raise glucose or insulin	Refuted	22%

Caffeine and Performance

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
CAFF-END-01	Caffeine improves endurance	Established	87%
CAFF-COG-01	Caffeine improves alertness	Established	86%
CAFF-PWR-02	Caffeine improves sprint performance	Established	85%
CAFF-PWR-01	Caffeine improves strength and power	Likely	80%
CAFF-END-02	Caffeine lowers perceived exertion	Likely	76%
CAFF-DOS-01	Ergogenic effect is dose-dependent	Likely	71%
CAFF-DOS-02	Low doses improve endurance	Uncertain	67%
CAFF-DOS-03	Caffeine mouth rinse aids performance	Uncertain	65%
CAFF-IND-01	CYP1A2 genotype moderates the effect	Uncertain	50%
CAFF-IND-02	Habitual use blunts the effect	Uncertain	50%
CAFF-ADV-01	Pre-exercise caffeine harms sleep	Doubtful	45%
CAFF-COG-02	Caffeine offsets sleep-loss deficits	Doubtful	42%

Chronic Pain Pharmacotherapy

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
CPP-GAB-01	Pregabalin reduces pain scores in diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Established	90%
CPP-ANT-03	SNRIs reduce pain scores in fibromyalgia	Established	86%
CPP-ANT-01	Duloxetine reduces pain and disability in diabetic neuropathic pain	Likely	75%
CPP-CAN-03	Cannabis cognitive adverse effects	Likely	74%
CPP-OPD-02	Opioids induce hyperalgesia	Likely	72%
CPP-CAN-01	Medical cannabis for chronic pain	Uncertain	60%
CPP-GAB-03	Gabapentinoids in non-neuropathic pain	Uncertain	60%
CPP-ANT-02	Duloxetine plus pregabalin in neuropathy	Uncertain	58%
CPP-OPD-01	Buprenorphine vs full-agonist opioids	Uncertain	55%
CPP-NOV-03	Ketamine-assisted opioid tapering	Uncertain	50%
CPP-CAN-02	THC-dominant cannabis reduces pain more than CBD-only formulations	Doubtful	38%
CPP-OPD-04	Tapentadol over oxycodone in neuropathy	Doubtful	38%
CPP-NOV-02	Nav1.8 inhibition in neuropathic pain	Doubtful	33%
CPP-OPD-03	Tapering improves pain outcomes	Doubtful	33%

Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Treatment

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
CSU-BTK-01	Remibrutinib reduces urticaria activity score	Established	90%
CSU-DB-01	Chronic spontaneous urticaria quality of life impairment	Established	90%
CSU-OMA-01	Omalizumab 300mg for refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria	Established	90%
CSU-BIO-01	Dupilumab benefit in omalizumab-naive chronic spontaneous urticaria	Established	87%
CSU-BIO-04	Barzolvolimab mast cell depletion in chronic spontaneous urticaria	Established	87%
CSU-BIO-03	Ligelizumab superiority versus omalizumab	Likely	84%
CSU-BM-02	Basophil activation test identifies autoimmune chronic spontaneous urticaria	Likely	79%
CSU-OMA-02	IgE predicts omalizumab response	Likely	75%
CSU-OMA-03	Omalizumab relapse after withdrawal	Likely	75%
CSU-CYC-02	Urticaria relapses after cyclosporine	Likely	72%
CSU-AH-02	Antihistamine updosing in refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria	Likely	71%
CSU-CYC-01	Cyclosporine in omalizumab-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria	Uncertain	57%
CSU-DB-02	Chronic spontaneous urticaria spontaneous remission at five years	Uncertain	57%
CSU-BM-01	Type IIb autoimmune chronic spontaneous urticaria and omalizumab	Uncertain	52%
CSU-BIO-02	Dupilumab benefit in omalizumab-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria	Doubtful	47%
CSU-AH-01	H1 antihistamines first-line for chronic spontaneous urticaria	Doubtful	32%

COPD Pharmacotherapy

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
COPD-BIO-01	Dupilumab cuts exacerbations	Established	90%
COPD-ICS-01	Inhaled corticosteroids raise pneumonia risk	Established	88%
COPD-BIO-02	Mepolizumab in eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Likely	84%
COPD-EX-01	Azithromycin reduces exacerbations	Likely	82%
COPD-BD-02	Dual bronchodilation improves FEV1	Likely	80%
COPD-TT-01	Triple therapy cuts exacerbations	Likely	80%
COPD-BD-03	Long-acting muscarinic antagonist plus beta-agonist vs beta-agonist plus inhaled corticosteroid exacerbations	Likely	74%
COPD-EMRG-01	Ensifentrine add-on therapy	Likely	72%
COPD-EX-02	Roflumilast in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Likely	72%
COPD-TT-03	Single-inhaler triple therapy adherence	Likely	72%
COPD-ICS-02	Eosinophils predict inhaled corticosteroid response	Likely	70%
COPD-TT-02	Triple therapy mortality benefit	Doubtful	45%
COPD-EMRG-02	Tezepelumab in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Doubtful	33%
COPD-ICS-03	Inhaled corticosteroid withdrawal and exacerbations	Refuted	22%

Creatine

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
CREA-STR-01	Creatine increases strength	Established	85%
CREA-MASS-02	Early weight gain is water	Likely	76%
CREA-MASS-01	Creatine increases lean mass	Likely	74%
CREA-AGE-01	Creatine in older adults	Likely	72%
CREA-STR-02	Creatine aids high-intensity work	Likely	72%
CREA-COG-02	Creatine and sleep deprivation	Uncertain	60%
CREA-CLIN-02	Creatine and depression	Uncertain	57%
CREA-COG-01	Creatine and cognition	Doubtful	44%
CREA-CLIN-01	Creatine in muscular dystrophy	Doubtful	42%
CREA-AGE-02	Creatine and bone health	Doubtful	38%
CREA-SAFE-01	No kidney harm in healthy adults	Refuted	13%

Dietary Fibre

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
FIBRE-CM-02	Soluble fibre lowers LDL cholesterol	Established	88%
FIBRE-GI-03	Fermentable fibre boosts short-chain fatty acids	Likely	83%
FIBRE-SYS-02	Fibre aids satiety and weight loss	Likely	83%
FIBRE-GI-02	Fibre improves constipation	Likely	78%
FIBRE-CM-01	Fibre lowers cardiovascular disease risk	Likely	75%
FIBRE-SYS-03	Fibre lowers C-reactive protein	Likely	72%
FIBRE-SYS-01	Fibre lowers all-cause mortality	Likely	70%
FIBRE-CM-04	Fibre lowers blood pressure	Uncertain	66%
FIBRE-GI-01	Fibre lowers colorectal cancer risk	Uncertain	62%
FIBRE-CM-03	Fibre lowers type 2 diabetes risk	Uncertain	58%

Dietary Protein and Muscle

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
DPM-SRC-01	Plant and animal protein similar gains	Likely	80%
DPM-TRA-02	No extra gain above 1.6 g per kg	Uncertain	62%
DPM-TRA-01	Protein supplement aids training gains	Uncertain	60%
DPM-AGE-01	Higher protein slows muscle loss in age	Uncertain	56%
DPM-SRC-02	Even meal distribution aids muscle	Uncertain	56%
DPM-AGE-02	Protein alone needs exercise in elderly	Uncertain	50%

Dry Eye Disease Treatment

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
DED-PFHO-01	Perfluorohexyloctane improves evaporative dry eye signs	Established	90%
DED-PFHO-02	Perfluorohexyloctane superior to saline in meibomian gland dysfunction	Established	88%
DED-CYC-02	Cyclosporine reduces corneal staining	Established	87%
DED-LIFT-01	Lifitegrast improves symptom scores	Established	87%
DED-SEC-01	Diquafosol improves tear film break-up time in dry eye	Established	87%
DED-IPL-02	Intense pulsed light improves meibomian gland function	Likely	84%
DED-THER-01	Thermal pulsation improves meibomian gland dysfunction symptoms	Likely	84%
DED-POC-01	Punctal occlusion improves aqueous-deficient dry eye disease	Likely	80%
DED-AS-01	Autologous serum improves severe refractory dry eye	Likely	78%
DED-POC-02	Punctal plugs increase Schirmer test scores	Likely	78%
DED-CYC-01	Cyclosporine increases Schirmer test scores	Likely	75%
DED-AS-02	Autologous serum in Sjogren syndrome dry eye	Likely	74%
DED-IPL-01	Intense pulsed light reduces dry eye symptoms in meibomian gland dysfunction	Likely	73%
DED-LIFT-02	Lifitegrast reduces inferior corneal staining	Uncertain	64%
DED-SEC-02	Rebamipide improves goblet cell density	Uncertain	63%
DED-OM3-02	Omega-3 does not improve dry eye disease symptoms	Uncertain	55%
DED-OM3-01	Omega-3 does not improve dry eye disease signs	Uncertain	52%

Electrolytes and Hydration

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
EHYD-PERF-01	2% hypohydration impairs endurance	Likely	76%
EHYD-REH-02	Electrolytes raise hydration index	Likely	74%
EHYD-PERF-02	Mild dehydration impairs cognition	Likely	71%
EHYD-REH-01	Sodium aids fluid retention	Uncertain	64%
EHYD-CRA-02	Electrolyte drinks reduce cramps	Uncertain	56%
EHYD-HEA-03	More water improves general health	Uncertain	55%
EHYD-HEA-01	Water intake prevents kidney stones	Doubtful	45%
EHYD-HEA-02	Water slows chronic kidney disease progression	Doubtful	32%

Epilepsy Management

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
EP-NOV-01	Fenfluramine in Dravet syndrome	Established	96%
EP-NOV-02	Cannabidiol in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome	Established	90%
EP-SRG-01	Resective surgery for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy	Established	90%
EP-ASM-02	Valproate superior in generalised epilepsy	Likely	84%
EP-SRG-02	Vagus nerve stimulation reduces seizure frequency	Likely	83%
EP-ASM-01	Levetiracetam non-inferior to lamotrigine	Doubtful	32%

Giant Cell Arteritis

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
GCA-TOCI-02	Relapse common after tocilizumab discontinuation	Established	90%
GCA-GC-02	Glucocorticoid monotherapy relapses on taper	Established	88%
GCA-TOCI-01	Tocilizumab sustains glucocorticoid-free remission	Established	86%
GCA-IMG-01	Temporal artery halo sign diagnostic	Likely	82%
GCA-IMG-02	Large-vessel ultrasound adds sensitivity	Likely	82%
GCA-EMRG-01	Upadacitinib induces remission	Likely	77%
GCA-GC-01	Glucocorticoids reduce vision loss	Likely	75%

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
GLP1-CV-06	Reduce major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes with established cardiovascular disease	Established	90%
GLP1-MET-02	Tirzepatide outperforms single GLP-1 receptor agonists	Established	90%
GLP1-MET-06	Tirzepatide 15 mg achieves 20% body weight loss	Established	90%
GLP1-MET-04	Semaglutide 2.4 mg achieves 15% body weight loss	Established	88%
GLP1-MET-03	Improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	Established	87%
GLP1-CV-01	Reduce all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes	Established	85%
GLP1-CV-03	Cardiovascular benefit in non-diabetic obesity	Likely	83%
GLP1-MET-01	Renal protection and slower chronic kidney disease progression	Likely	83%
GLP1-SAF-03	No increase in suicidality	Likely	82%
GLP1-NOV-01	Reduce obstructive sleep apnoea	Likely	80%
GLP1-ADD-01	Reduce alcohol consumption	Likely	76%
GLP1-CAN-01	No overall gastrointestinal cancer increase	Likely	73%
GLP1-NEU-01	Reduce Alzheimer's disease risk	Uncertain	68%
GLP1-NEU-05	Reduce neuroinflammation (microglial suppression)	Uncertain	66%
GLP1-NOV-02	Improve polycystic ovary syndrome fertility	Uncertain	66%
GLP1-ADD-03	Modulate reward circuitry	Uncertain	60%
GLP1-CV-04	Reduce atrial fibrillation recurrence	Uncertain	60%
GLP1-CV-05	Reduce peripheral arterial disease and limb events	Uncertain	60%
GLP1-NOV-03	Improve male reproductive function	Uncertain	60%
GLP1-SAF-02	Worsen diabetic retinopathy	Uncertain	60%
GLP1-SAF-06	Tirzepatide has better ocular safety	Uncertain	60%
GLP1-CAN-02	Reduced colorectal cancer risk	Uncertain	55%
GLP1-NOV-05	Improve psoriasis severity	Uncertain	55%
GLP1-SAF-01	Increase non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy risk	Uncertain	55%
GLP1-SAF-07	Bone density and fracture risk	Uncertain	54%
GLP1-ADD-02	Reduce nicotine cravings	Uncertain	53%
GLP1-SAF-04	Clinically significant lean mass loss	Uncertain	52%
GLP1-ADD-04	Reduce opioid and stimulant use	Uncertain	50%
GLP1-CV-02	Reduce heart failure hospitalisation	Uncertain	50%
GLP1-NOV-04	Reduce fibromyalgia symptoms	Uncertain	50%
GLP1-SAF-05	Increase gallbladder disease risk	Doubtful	45%
GLP1-SAF-08	Sustained heart rate increase of 2-4 beats per minute	Doubtful	45%
GLP1-NEU-03	Slow Parkinson's disease progression	Doubtful	40%
GLP1-CAN-05	Improve breast cancer disease-free survival	Doubtful	38%
GLP1-NEU-02	Improve cognition in established Alzheimer's disease	Refuted	15%

Heart Failure Management

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
HFM-HFPEF-02	Sacubitril/valsartan does not reduce mortality in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction	Established	90%
HFM-NOVEL-02	Vericiguat neutral for primary endpoint in stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Established	90%
HFM-PHARM-03	Beta-blockers reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Established	90%
HFM-ADHF-02	Acetazolamide improves decongestion in acute decompensated heart failure	Established	88%
HFM-HFPEF-01	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce heart failure hospitalisation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction	Established	88%
HFM-PHARM-01	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Established	88%
HFM-PHARM-02	ARNI reduces mortality vs ACEi/ARB in HFrEF	Established	88%
HFM-PHARM-04	Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist reduces mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Established	88%
HFM-LVAD-01	HeartMate 3 superior to axial-flow left ventricular assist devices	Established	87%
HFM-NOVEL-01	Vericiguat reduces events in worsening heart failure with reduced ejection fraction	Established	87%
HFM-CRT-01	CRT reduces mortality in HFrEF with LBBB	Likely	83%
HFM-HFPEF-03	Finerenone reduces HF events in HFmrEF/HFpEF	Likely	83%
HFM-LVAD-02	Left ventricular assist device destination therapy improves survival in end-stage heart failure	Likely	83%
HFM-ADHF-01	SGLT2 inhibitors improve outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure	Likely	80%
HFM-IRON-02	Intravenous iron does not reduce all-cause mortality in heart failure	Likely	76%
HFM-ICD-01	Primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator reduces sudden cardiac death	Likely	74%
HFM-IRON-01	Intravenous iron reduces heart failure hospitalisation	Likely	74%
HFM-ICD-02	Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator reduces all-cause mortality in the contemporary era	Uncertain	52%
HFM-CRT-03	Left bundle branch pacing achieves superior resynchronisation versus conventional biventricular cardiac resynchronisation therapy	Uncertain	50%
HFM-CRT-02	Cardiac resynchronisation therapy with defibrillator and with pacemaker have similar all-cause mortality	Doubtful	40%

Intermittent Fasting and Time Restricted Eating

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
IFTRE-WL-02	Time-restricted eating not superior to calorie restriction	Established	85%
IFTRE-GLY-01	Intermittent fasting lowers HbA1c in type 2 diabetes	Likely	80%
IFTRE-SAF-01	Time-restricted eating feasible with no serious adverse events	Likely	78%
IFTRE-WL-01	Time-restricted eating reduces weight vs unrestricted eating	Likely	77%
IFTRE-CM-01	Early time-restricted eating lowers blood pressure	Likely	74%
IFTRE-WL-03	Time-restricted eating reduces visceral and total fat	Uncertain	60%
IFTRE-WL-04	Time-restricted eating reduces lean muscle mass	Uncertain	60%
IFTRE-GLY-02	Early time-restricted eating improves insulin sensitivity without weight loss	Uncertain	50%
IFTRE-GLY-03	Time-restricted eating cuts weight independent of calories	Doubtful	33%
IFTRE-CM-02	Time-restricted eating improves blood lipid profile	Refuted	25%

Iron Status

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
IRON-IDA-01	Oral iron corrects iron-deficiency anaemia	Established	87%
IRON-IDA-03	Intravenous iron raises haemoglobin faster	Likely	82%
IRON-PREG-01	Antenatal iron cuts maternal anaemia	Likely	78%
IRON-IDA-02	Alternate-day dosing improves absorption	Likely	74%
IRON-FUNC-01	Iron cuts fatigue in non-anaemic women	Likely	72%
IRON-IVD-01	Intravenous iron cuts heart-failure hospitalisation	Likely	70%
IRON-IVD-02	Intravenous iron beats oral in inflammatory bowel disease	Uncertain	60%
IRON-SAFE-01	Untargeted iron raises infection risk	Uncertain	60%
IRON-FUNC-02	Iron aids endurance in athletes	Uncertain	55%
IRON-PREG-02	Intravenous iron reduces low birthweight	Doubtful	45%

Ketogenic and Low Carb Diets

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
KETO-CV-01	Raises LDL cholesterol in some individuals	Established	90%
KETO-NEU-01	Reduces seizures in drug-resistant epilepsy	Established	88%
KETO-T2D-01	Improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes	Likely	82%
KETO-WT-02	Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet reduces visceral and liver fat	Likely	78%
KETO-CV-02	Lowers triglycerides and raises HDL cholesterol	Likely	74%
KETO-T2D-02	Enables type 2 diabetes remission	Likely	73%
KETO-WT-03	Long-term advantage narrows by 12 months	Likely	72%
KETO-WT-01	Greater short-term weight loss versus low-fat diets	Uncertain	55%
KETO-ADV-01	Reduces lean mass alongside fat loss	Uncertain	50%

Magnesium

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
MAG-CV-01	Magnesium lowers blood pressure	Uncertain	66%
MAG-MSK-01	Magnesium and bone density	Uncertain	62%
MAG-NEU-01	Magnesium for migraine	Uncertain	60%
MAG-NEU-02	Magnesium for sleep	Uncertain	60%
MAG-MET-01	Magnesium improves glycaemic control	Uncertain	57%
MAG-MSK-02	Magnesium for leg cramps	Doubtful	30%

Motor Neurone Disease Treatment

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
MND-DMT-04	Tofersen lowers neurofilament	Established	90%
MND-DMT-01	Riluzole prolongs survival	Established	88%
MND-CARE-01	Non-invasive ventilation prolongs survival	Likely	83%
MND-CARE-02	Multidisciplinary care prolongs survival	Likely	74%
MND-DMT-02	Edaravone slows decline	Uncertain	50%
MND-DMT-03	Sodium phenylbutyrate-taurursodiol prolongs survival	Doubtful	33%

Novel Antibiotics

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
NOVEL-AB-BURDEN-01	AMR causes over one million deaths annually	Established	88%
NOVEL-AB-LIPOGLY-01	Dalbavancin achieves high cure rates in acute bacterial skin infections	Established	85%
NOVEL-AB-ASP-01	Stewardship reduces consumption	Likely	80%
NOVEL-AB-PHAGE-02	Phage antibiotic combination	Likely	74%
NOVEL-AB-CAZAVI-02	CAZ-AVI plus aztreonam is effective against MBL-producing organisms	Uncertain	62%
NOVEL-AB-BURDEN-02	CRE bacteraemia carries 30 to 45 percent 30-day mortality	Uncertain	60%
NOVEL-AB-CFDC-01	Cefiderocol has excess mortality risk in Acinetobacter baumannii infections	Uncertain	60%
NOVEL-AB-ASP-02	Stewardship programmes reduce multidrug-resistant organism rates in hospitals	Uncertain	58%
NOVEL-AB-LIPOGLY-03	Dalbavancin osteomyelitis efficacy	Uncertain	58%
NOVEL-AB-PHAGE-01	Phage therapy improves clinical outcomes in drug-resistant bacterial infections	Uncertain	56%
NOVEL-AB-CAZAVI-03	CAZ-AVI achieves clinical cure in most serious CRE infections	Uncertain	55%
NOVEL-AB-LIPOGLY-02	Lipoglycopeptides reduce length of stay	Uncertain	53%
NOVEL-AB-CT-01	Ceftolozane-tazobactam is effective for DTR Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections	Uncertain	50%
NOVEL-AB-CFDC-02	Cefiderocol achieves high cure rates in non-Acinetobacter resistant infections	Doubtful	46%
NOVEL-AB-CAZAVI-01	CAZ-AVI reduces mortality in KPC CRE infections versus older agents	Doubtful	40%

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
OMEGA-TG-01	Omega-3 lowers triglycerides	Established	88%
OMEGA-CV-01	Icosapent ethyl cuts cardiovascular events	Established	85%
OMEGA-TG-02	Docosahexaenoic acid raises low-density lipoprotein cholesterol	Likely	80%
OMEGA-CV-03	Omega-3 raises atrial fibrillation risk	Likely	72%
OMEGA-INFLAM-01	Omega-3 in rheumatoid arthritis	Uncertain	58%
OMEGA-INFLAM-02	Omega-3 for dry eye	Uncertain	55%
OMEGA-PREG-01	Omega-3 reduces preterm birth	Uncertain	55%
OMEGA-PREG-02	Prenatal omega-3 and child brain development	Uncertain	55%
OMEGA-NEURO-01	Omega-3 for depression	Uncertain	50%
OMEGA-NEURO-02	Omega-3 and cognitive decline	Doubtful	37%
OMEGA-NEURO-03	Omega-3 for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder	Doubtful	37%
OMEGA-CV-02	Omega-3 and cardiovascular mortality	Refuted	15%

Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ostfrac_01	Bisphosphonate vertebral fracture risk	Established	90%
ostfrac_03	Bisphosphonate atypical femoral fracture	Established	90%
ostfrac_06	Denosumab withdrawal rebound fracture	Established	88%
ostfrac_07	Denosumab versus bisphosphonate bone density	Established	88%
ostfrac_12	Vitamin D alone fracture prevention	Established	88%
ostfrac_04	Bisphosphonate benefit versus atypical femoral fracture risk	Established	86%
ostfrac_08	Romosozumab versus alendronate fracture risk	Likely	80%
ostfrac_19	Exercise fall prevention in older adults	Likely	80%
ostfrac_14	Bisphosphonate glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis fracture prevention	Likely	74%
ostfrac_15	Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis treatment gap and undertreatment	Likely	74%
ostfrac_17	Fracture liaison service secondary fracture prevention	Likely	74%
ostfrac_02	Bisphosphonate hip fracture prevention	Likely	73%
ostfrac_18	FRAX fracture risk assessment tool in osteoporosis	Likely	72%
ostfrac_11	Anabolic-first sequential therapy bone mineral density	Likely	70%
ostfrac_13	Calcium and vitamin D fracture prevention	Uncertain	64%
ostfrac_05	Denosumab versus bisphosphonate fracture risk	Uncertain	60%
ostfrac_16	Osteoporosis treatment sex difference	Uncertain	60%
ostfrac_10	Post-denosumab bisphosphonate bone loss	Uncertain	58%
ostfrac_09	Romosozumab cardiovascular risk	Doubtful	42%
ostfrac_20	Exercise fall and fracture risk reduction	Doubtful	42%

P2Y12 Antiplatelets

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
P2Y12-STR-01	Clopidogrel-aspirin reduces stroke recurrence vs aspirin after TIA	Established	90%
P2Y12-DESC-01	P2Y12 monotherapy after short DAPT reduces bleeding in ACS patients	Established	88%
P2Y12-DUR-02	Abbreviated DAPT reduces bleeding in high bleeding risk PCI patients	Established	85%
P2Y12-PRAS-02	Prasugrel major bleeding vs clopidogrel	Likely	84%
P2Y12-PRAS-01	Prasugrel reduces MACE vs clopidogrel in ACS patients undergoing PCI	Likely	82%
P2Y12-CYP-01	CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles increase MACE risk with clopidogrel after PCI	Likely	79%
P2Y12-TCA-01	Ticagrelor reduces MACE and mortality vs clopidogrel in ACS	Likely	78%
P2Y12-CANG-01	Cangrelor reduces stent thrombosis vs clopidogrel loading during PCI	Likely	75%
P2Y12-DUR-01	Short DAPT is noninferior to 12-month DAPT for ischemic events post-PCI	Likely	75%
P2Y12-TCA-02	Ticagrelor increases major bleeding vs clopidogrel in ACS patients	Likely	74%
P2Y12-TCA-03	Clopidogrel is noninferior to ticagrelor in elderly ACS patients	Likely	73%
P2Y12-DESC-02	De-escalation to clopidogrel reduces bleeding vs potent P2Y12 continuation after ACS	Uncertain	66%
P2Y12-DUR-03	Extended DAPT reduces MI but increases non-cardiac mortality vs 12-month DAPT	Uncertain	50%
P2Y12-CANG-02	Cangrelor improves outcomes vs oral P2Y12 in cardiogenic shock PCI	Doubtful	35%
P2Y12-PRAS-03	Prasugrel harm in prior stroke patients	Doubtful	35%

Parkinsons Disease Management

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
PD-02	Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors provide motor benefit in Parkinson's	Established	85%
PD-05	No proven disease-modifying therapy in Parkinson's	Established	85%
PD-06	Pimavanserin improves Parkinson's psychosis without worsening motor symptoms	Established	85%
PD-03	Deep brain stimulation improves motor function in advanced Parkinson's	Likely	82%
PD-04	Continuous infusion therapy reduces motor fluctuations in advanced Parkinson's	Likely	80%
PD-01	Levodopa most effective for Parkinson's motor symptoms	Uncertain	67%

Perioperative Immunotherapy Solid Tumours

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
PERIO-MEL-02	Adjuvant pembrolizumab in stage III melanoma	Established	92%
PERIO-NSCLC-01	Perioperative nivolumab event-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer	Established	90%
PERIO-TNBC-01	KEYNOTE-522 pathological complete response and event-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer	Established	90%
PERIO-BLAD-01	Adjuvant nivolumab disease-free survival in bladder cancer	Established	88%
PERIO-MEL-03	Adjuvant pembrolizumab in stage IIB-C melanoma	Established	86%
PERIO-MSI-01	Neoadjuvant dual immune checkpoint inhibitor pathological complete response in microsatellite instability-high colon cancer	Established	86%
PERIO-MSI-02	Microsatellite instability-high colon cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor surrogate biomarker	Established	86%
PERIO-NSCLC-04	Pathological complete response as surrogate for non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy	Established	85%
PERIO-BLAD-02	Perioperative immune checkpoint inhibitor expansion in muscle-invasive bladder cancer	Likely	83%
PERIO-RCC-01	Adjuvant pembrolizumab disease-free and overall survival in renal cell carcinoma	Likely	83%
PERIO-NSCLC-03	Adjuvant pembrolizumab disease-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer	Likely	82%
PERIO-TNBC-02	Pathological complete response surrogate for triple-negative breast cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy	Likely	80%
PERIO-RCC-02	Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor benefit is agent-specific in renal cell carcinoma	Likely	72%
PERIO-TNBC-03	Immune checkpoint inhibitor neoadjuvant benefit inconsistent in triple-negative breast cancer	Uncertain	63%
PERIO-BLAD-03	Adjuvant nivolumab benefit independent of PD-L1 status	Uncertain	61%
PERIO-NSCLC-02	Perioperative pembrolizumab event-free and overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer	Uncertain	57%
PERIO-MEL-01	Adjuvant nivolumab vs ipilimumab in melanoma	Doubtful	38%

Polyphenols and Antioxidants

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
POLY-BIO-01	Gut microbiota metabolise polyphenols	Established	88%
POLY-CAN-01	Beta-carotene raises smoker lung cancer risk	Established	88%
POLY-CV-01	Cocoa flavanols improve endothelial function	Established	88%
POLY-SUP-01	Antioxidant supplements and mortality	Established	85%
POLY-CV-03	Cocoa flavanols lower blood pressure	Likely	80%
POLY-SUP-02	Vitamin E and cardiovascular events	Likely	80%
POLY-BIO-02	Polyphenol bioavailability is low	Likely	73%
POLY-CV-02	Flavonoids lower cardiovascular disease mortality	Likely	73%
POLY-COG-02	Berry anthocyanins and memory	Likely	72%
POLY-MET-01	Green tea catechins and body weight	Uncertain	60%
POLY-COG-01	Flavonoids and cognitive decline	Uncertain	55%
POLY-MET-02	Polyphenols and insulin sensitivity	Uncertain	55%
POLY-SUP-03	Vitamin C and common cold	Uncertain	55%
POLY-MET-03	Resveratrol and glycaemic control type 2 diabetes	Uncertain	50%
POLY-CAN-02	Polyphenols and colorectal cancer risk	Doubtful	33%

Probiotics and Gut Microbiome

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
PGM-MICRO-01	Probiotic colonization of adult gut is transient	Likely	80%
PGM-SYS-02	Probiotics reduce upper respiratory tract infection incidence	Likely	77%
PGM-GI-01	Probiotics reduce irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity	Likely	70%
PGM-SYS-01	Probiotics reduce depressive symptoms	Uncertain	57%
PGM-GI-02	Probiotics prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea	Uncertain	55%
PGM-GI-03	Probiotics prevent Clostridioides difficile infection	Doubtful	40%
PGM-MICRO-02	Probiotics raise gut microbial diversity	Doubtful	35%

Psoriasis Psoriatic Arthritis

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
PSA-IL17-04	IL-17 inhibitors versus ustekinumab PASI 90	Established	90%
PSA-IL23-01	Risankizumab versus ustekinumab PASI 90	Established	90%
PSA-IL23-02	Guselkumab 2-year PASI 90 durability	Established	90%
PSA-JAK-03	Tofacitinib ACR20 in psoriatic arthritis	Established	90%
PSA-PJT-04	Risankizumab minimal disease activity in psoriatic arthritis	Established	90%
PSA-PJT-05	Bimekizumab ACR50 in biologic-naive psoriatic arthritis	Established	90%
PSA-AXL-01	Secukinumab ASAS20 in axial psoriatic arthritis	Established	88%
PSA-PJT-03	Guselkumab ACR20 in biologic-naive psoriatic arthritis	Established	87%
PSA-SM-01	Deucravacitinib versus apremilast PASI 75	Established	87%
PSA-SM-02	Apremilast PASI 75 efficacy	Established	87%
PSA-PJT-02	Secukinumab 5-year ACR20 durability	Established	86%
PSA-IL17-01	Bimekizumab versus secukinumab PASI 90	Likely	84%
PSA-JSAF-01	Tofacitinib major adverse cardiovascular events versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis	Likely	83%
PSA-JAK-01	Upadacitinib ACR50 versus placebo in TNF-inhibitor inadequate responders	Likely	80%
PSA-CVD-03	IL-17 inhibitors associated with inflammatory bowel disease incidence	Likely	74%
PSA-JAK-02	Upadacitinib versus adalimumab in biologic-naive psoriatic arthritis	Likely	74%
PSA-IL17-03	Secukinumab pooled PASI 90 response	Likely	73%
PSA-CVD-01	Psoriasis as independent cardiovascular risk factor	Likely	72%
PSA-CVD-02	Biologics reduce psoriasis cardiovascular disease risk	Likely	72%
PSA-JSAF-03	JAK inhibitors venous thromboembolism risk	Likely	72%
PSA-BMK-01	HLA-Cw6 predicts ustekinumab response	Uncertain	62%
PSA-BMK-02	Treat-to-target improves psoriatic arthritis outcomes	Uncertain	60%
PSA-IL17-02	Ixekizumab PASI 100 response rates	Uncertain	56%
PSA-IL23-03	IL-23p19 inhibitors post-withdrawal durability	Refuted	22%
PSA-AXL-02	IL-17 inhibitors: axial psoriatic arthritis versus axial spondyloarthritis response	Refuted	20%
PSA-PJT-01	Ixekizumab versus adalimumab ACR50 in psoriatic arthritis	Refuted	15%
PSA-JSAF-02	JAK cardiovascular risk signal extends to psoriatic arthritis	Refuted	10%

Rheumatoid Arthritis Targeted Therapy

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
RA-TNF-01	TNF inhibitors improve response and slow radiographic progression in methotrexate-inadequate rheumatoid arthritis	Likely	81%
RA-IL6-01	Interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors achieve responses in rheumatoid arthritis, tocilizumab superior to adalimumab	Likely	73%
RA-JAK-01	JAK inhibitors match biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for remission in rheumatoid arthritis, given orally	Likely	73%
RA-NTNF-01	Abatacept and rituximab match TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis	Likely	73%
RA-T2T-01	Treat-to-target strategy improves outcomes versus routine care in rheumatoid arthritis	Uncertain	58%
RA-JAK-02	Tofacitinib cardiovascular and malignancy safety signal reflects a JAK class effect	Doubtful	32%

SGLT2 Inhibitors

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
SG-SF-01	SGLT2 inhibitors increase the risk of genital mycotic infections	Established	94%
SG-CV-03	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce hospitalisation for heart failure in T2D	Established	90%
SG-HF-01	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce CV death and HF hospitalisation in HFrEF	Established	90%
SG-SF-03	SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis	Established	90%
SG-CV-02	Empagliflozin reduces cardiovascular death in T2D patients with established CVD	Established	87%
SG-CK-01	SGLT2 inhibitors slow kidney disease progression and reduce kidney failure risk	Established	86%
SG-HP-01	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce CV death and HF hospitalisation in HFpEF	Likely	84%
SG-SF-02	Canagliflozin is associated with increased risk of lower limb amputation	Likely	80%
SG-CK-02	SGLT2 inhibitor kidney benefit extends to CKD patients without diabetes	Likely	76%
SG-HF-02	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce all-cause mortality in HFrEF	Likely	74%
SG-CK-03	SGLT2 inhibitor kidney benefit is greatest in patients with high albuminuria	Likely	72%
SG-HP-02	SGLT2 inhibitors do not significantly reduce CV mortality in HFpEF	Uncertain	68%
SG-CV-01	SGLT2 inhibitors reduce MACE in T2D with established cardiovascular disease	Uncertain	66%
SG-CV-04	SGLT2 inhibitors do not reduce MACE in T2D without established CVD	Uncertain	50%

Sleep and Metabolic Health

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
SMH-DUR-02	Sleep restriction and insulin sensitivity	Established	90%
SMH-CIRC-02	Circadian misalignment and glucose	Established	86%
SMH-WT-02	Sleep restriction and energy intake	Likely	82%
SMH-CIRC-03	Late meal timing and glycemia	Likely	79%
SMH-CIRC-01	Shift work and metabolic syndrome	Likely	78%
SMH-DUR-01	Short sleep and type 2 diabetes	Likely	78%
SMH-OSA-01	Sleep apnea and insulin resistance	Likely	73%
SMH-WT-04	Sleep extension and energy intake	Uncertain	68%
SMH-WT-03	Sleep and leptin and ghrelin	Doubtful	32%

Ssris and Snris

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
SS-ANX-01	SSRIs and SNRIs are effective first-line treatments in generalised anxiety disorder	Likely	83%
SS-SPC-01	SSRI use in late pregnancy is associated with neonatal adaptation syndrome	Likely	83%
SS-MDD-01	SSRIs and SNRIs reduce depressive symptoms versus placebo in MDD	Likely	80%
SS-SAF-02	Paroxetine and venlafaxine cause more severe discontinuation syndrome than other agents	Likely	74%
SS-SPC-02	SSRIs are safe and reduce depression in patients after myocardial infarction	Likely	74%
SS-MDD-02	Antidepressant effect size is small versus placebo in mild-to-moderate depression	Likely	73%
SS-MDD-03	Antidepressant effect size increases with baseline depression severity	Uncertain	64%
SS-SAF-04	Venlafaxine causes dose-dependent blood pressure elevation	Uncertain	64%
SS-ANX-03	Sertraline and paroxetine reduce PTSD symptom severity versus placebo	Uncertain	55%
SS-CMP-03	Duloxetine reduces pain in fibromyalgia and diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Uncertain	55%
SS-SAF-01	SSRIs and SNRIs cause sexual dysfunction in 30-40% of treated patients	Uncertain	50%
SS-SAF-03	SSRIs increase suicidal ideation in children and adolescents	Doubtful	42%
SS-CMP-01	Escitalopram and sertraline have the best efficacy and acceptability profile among antidepressants	Doubtful	32%

Statins

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
ST-PRI-01	Statins reduce cardiovascular events in high-risk primary prevention patients	Established	90%
ST-SAF-01	Statins increase the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus	Established	90%
ST-SEC-03	Lower achieved LDL cholesterol is associated with greater cardiovascular event reduction	Established	90%
ST-MEC-01	Statin cardiovascular benefit is primarily mediated through LDL cholesterol reduction	Likely	83%
ST-PRI-02	Statin absolute benefit is small in low cardiovascular risk primary prevention patients	Likely	80%
ST-SEC-01	Statins reduce MACE and mortality in patients with established cardiovascular disease	Likely	80%
ST-HF-01	Statins do not reduce cardiovascular outcomes in systolic heart failure	Likely	79%
ST-SAF-03	Serious statin hepatotoxicity is rare and routine liver enzyme monitoring is not required	Likely	76%
ST-MEC-02	Statins have pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects independent of LDL reduction	Likely	75%
ST-SEC-02	High-intensity statins reduce MACE more than moderate-intensity in acute coronary syndrome	Likely	74%
ST-SAF-02	Statin myopathy risk is dose-dependent and highest with simvastatin 80mg	Likely	72%
ST-SPC-01	Statin cardiovascular benefit extends to patients with diabetes mellitus	Likely	72%
ST-SPC-02	Statins reduce cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease	Uncertain	64%
ST-SAF-04	Statin-associated muscle symptoms occur in 5-10% of patients in clinical practice	Uncertain	60%
ST-PRI-03	Statins do not reduce all-cause mortality in primary prevention	Doubtful	35%

Targeted Therapy Breast Cancer

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
BC-CDK-02	Abemaciclib adjuvant therapy in early breast cancer	Established	90%
BC-PI3K-01	Alpelisib in PIK3CA-mutant hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer	Established	90%
BC-PI3K-02	Capivasertib (AKT inhibitor) in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer	Established	90%
BC-TNBC-01	Olaparib or talazoparib in BRCA-mutant breast cancer	Established	90%
BC-ICI-01	Pembrolizumab neoadjuvant therapy in triple-negative breast cancer	Established	89%
BC-CDK-01	CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer	Established	86%
BC-TNBC-02	Sacituzumab in third-line triple-negative breast cancer	Established	86%
BC-ICI-02	Pembrolizumab in PD-L1-positive metastatic triple-negative breast cancer	Established	85%

Targeted Therapy Prostate Cancer

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
PC-ARPI-02	Abiraterone overall survival benefit post-docetaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	96%
PC-ADT-01	Abiraterone overall survival benefit in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer	Established	95%
PC-NMCRPC-01	Enzalutamide metastasis-free survival benefit in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	93%
PC-ARPI-01	Enzalutamide overall survival benefit in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	90%
PC-NMCRPC-02	Overall survival benefit of androgen receptor inhibitors in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	90%
PC-PARP-01	Olaparib radiographic progression-free survival in homologous recombination repair-mutant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	90%
PC-RES-01	Androgen receptor splice variant 7 predicts androgen receptor inhibitor resistance	Established	90%
PC-PSMA-01	Lu-PSMA-617 overall survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (VISION)	Established	89%
PC-BONE-01	Radium-223 overall survival in bone-only metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	88%
PC-PARP-02	PARP plus androgen receptor inhibitor combination in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Established	86%
PC-BONE-02	Denosumab skeletal-related event prevention in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Likely	84%
PC-ARPI-03	Androgen receptor inhibitor sequence cross-resistance	Likely	80%
PC-RES-02	PTEN loss and androgen receptor inhibitor resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Likely	79%
PC-PSMA-02	PSMA PET staging superior to conventional imaging	Likely	78%
PC-ADT-02	Enzalutamide or darolutamide overall survival in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer	Likely	76%
PC-RES-03	Pembrolizumab activity in microsatellite instability-high or high tumour mutational burden prostate cancer	Likely	74%
PC-PARP-03	Rucaparib benefit in non-BRCA homologous recombination repair metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Refuted	15%

TNF Alpha Inhibitors

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
TN-IBD-01	Infliximab and adalimumab induce remission in moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease	Established	88%
TN-PSO-01	TNF-alpha inhibitors achieve PASI 75 response in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis	Established	88%
TN-SPA-01	TNF-alpha inhibitors are effective in ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis	Established	88%
TN-SPA-02	TNF-alpha inhibitors are effective in psoriatic arthritis	Established	88%
TN-BIO-01	TNF-alpha inhibitor biosimilars are equivalent in efficacy and safety to reference biologics	Established	86%
TN-RA-03	TNF-alpha inhibitors inhibit radiographic joint damage progression in RA	Established	86%
TN-SAF-01	TNF-alpha inhibitors increase the risk of serious infections including tuberculosis reactivation	Established	85%
TN-RA-02	TNF-alpha inhibitors combined with methotrexate are superior to methotrexate monotherapy in RA	Likely	84%
TN-RA-01	TNF-alpha inhibitors reduce signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis versus placebo	Likely	76%
TN-IBD-02	TNF-alpha inhibitors maintain steroid-free remission in ulcerative colitis	Likely	75%
TN-SAF-04	TNF-alpha inhibitors can trigger demyelinating disease and are contraindicated in multiple sclerosis	Likely	73%
TN-BIO-02	Serum drug level monitoring improves TNF-alpha inhibitor outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease	Uncertain	62%
TN-SAF-02	TNF-alpha inhibitors are contraindicated in moderate-to-severe heart failure	Uncertain	60%
TN-SAF-03	TNF-alpha inhibitors are associated with increased lymphoma risk	Uncertain	50%

Ultra Processed Foods

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
UPF-CM-03	Ultra-processed food promotes weight gain	Likely	84%
UPF-MH-01	Ultra-processed food diets raise energy intake	Likely	78%
UPF-CM-04	Ultra-processed food raises hypertension risk	Likely	74%
UPF-MH-02	Ultra-processed food raises depression risk	Likely	74%
UPF-MC-03	Ultra-processed food raises colorectal cancer risk	Likely	73%
UPF-CM-01	Ultra-processed food raises cardiovascular disease risk	Likely	72%
UPF-CM-02	Ultra-processed food raises type 2 diabetes risk	Likely	72%
UPF-MC-01	Ultra-processed food raises all-cause mortality	Uncertain	55%
UPF-MH-03	Ultra-processed food raises inflammation markers	Doubtful	40%

Vitamin B12

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
VITB12-STATUS-02	Metformin lowers vitamin B12	Established	90%
VITB12-CV-01	Vitamin B12 lowers homocysteine	Established	87%
VITB12-STATUS-01	Vegans risk vitamin B12 deficiency	Established	86%
VITB12-CV-03	B vitamins reduce stroke	Likely	71%
VITB12-STATUS-03	Oral vitamin B12 matches injection	Uncertain	65%
VITB12-NEURO-01	Vitamin B12 corrects deficiency neuropathy	Uncertain	55%
VITB12-NEURO-03	Maternal vitamin B12 aids neurodevelopment	Doubtful	45%
VITB12-NEURO-02	Vitamin B12 halts cognitive decline	Doubtful	30%
VITB12-CV-02	B vitamins cut cardiac events	Refuted	12%

Vitamin D

ID	Claim	Standing	Certainty
VITD-FALL-02	High-dose vitamin D and falls	Uncertain	66%
VITD-PREG-01	Pre-eclampsia	Uncertain	58%
VITD-CANC-02	Cancer mortality	Uncertain	57%
VITD-RESP-01	Acute respiratory infection	Doubtful	45%
VITD-METB-01	Type 2 diabetes prevention	Doubtful	42%
VITD-RESP-02	COVID-19 outcomes	Doubtful	38%
VITD-MORT-02	Mortality in deficient adults	Doubtful	35%
VITD-CANC-01	Cancer incidence	Doubtful	32%
VITD-MORT-01	All-cause mortality	Doubtful	32%
VITD-BONE-03	Bone mineral density in adults	Doubtful	30%
VITD-RESP-03	Asthma exacerbations	Doubtful	30%
VITD-FALL-01	Falls in older adults	Refuted	25%
VITD-CVD-01	Major cardiovascular events	Refuted	22%
VITD-BONE-01	Fracture risk in general adults	Refuted	12%